Differential colored fabric and method of making same



Patented Oct. 30, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

OAMII|LE DBEYFUS, 01' NEW YORK, N. Y., AIhTD HERBERT PLATT, OIOUKBEBLAND,

HABYLAND, ASSIGNOBS TO CELANESE CORPORATION 01 AMERICA, A CORPORA- TIONOF DELAWARE.

DII'i'EBENTIAL COLORED FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING- SAME.

Io mun This invention relates to fabric having a design thereon whichdesign is due to the difference of the effects of dyes upon the materialof which the fabric is com osed and the material with which the fabricis printed.

An object of our invention is to provide a fabric having a designthereon, which deslgn is not made by the ordinary process of printing bymeans of dyes or other colors, but which is obtained by the differentialdyeing of the fabric due to the printing or the application by othermeans of material upon such fabric, which material is affected by dyesin a manner different from the material of which the fabric is composed.

Another object of our invention is to'providea fabric which iscross-dyed, wherein color effect or design produced is independent ofthe weave but which may be produced in any desired configuration.

Another object of our invention is to roduce a design by cross-dyeingupon a fa ric composed at least in art of an orgamc derivative ofcellulose aving a design of cellulose rinted thereon.

Other 0 jects of our invention will appear from the following detaileddescription.

It is 'well known that cellulose, whether natural cellulose such ascotton, or reconstituted cellulose such as is obtained from viscose,reacts in a different manner from cellulose acetate silk, natural silkor wool towards many dyes, or that differential effects may be obtainedb dyeing a mixture of cellulose and these fibres in one bath containinga dye or mixture of dyes. This principle is used commonly incross-dyeing.

mixed fabrics made by weaving yarns of cotton and one of the abovementioned materials. Obviousl in this method, the differential colorefihct depends entirely upon the nature of the weave. In accordance withour invention, cross-dyeing effects are obtained by making a deslgn ofcellulose, irrespective of weaving, on a fabric which contains at leastsome yarn of a material other than cellulose, and then immersing thefabric in a bath containing one or more dyes having different coloringeffects upon the cotton and the other material.

The fabric to be treated may be made entirely of an organic derivativeof cellulose, such as organic esters of cellulose or organic ethers ofcellulose. Examples of organic Application filed August 18, 1927- SerlalNo. 212,882.

esters of cellulose that may be used are cellulose formate, celluloseacetate, cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate. Examples ofcellulose ethers that may be used are methyl cellulose and ethylcellulose. Or the fabrlc may be composed of a mixture of any of theabove organic derivatives of cellulose with one or more other fibressuch as natural silk, wool, cotton or reconstituted cellulose.Furthermore the fabric to be treated may be com osed wholly of silk orwool or a mixture 0 these animal fibres.

The fabric, constituted as above set forth, is printed with a materialwhose behavior toward dyestuffs is different from that of organicderivative of cellulose, natural silk or wool. Among the materials usedfor thispurpose may be mentioned cellulose, gelatin or casein. The soprinted fabric is then dyed in a differential dye bath.

' One mode of carrying out our invention is to print the fabric,constituted as above set forth, with one of the common solutions ofcellulose used in making reconstituted cellulose artificual silk, suchas a solution of cellulose xanthate (viscose) or a cuprammonium solutionof cellulose. The thickness or concentration of the cellulose solutionto be used for printing may be varied in accordance with the type offabric to be treated or the nature of the design desired. After thefabric has been printed with the cellulose solution, it is permitted todry if desired. The fabric is then treated to reconvert the cellulosecompound of the print back to cellulose. For instance, if viscose hasbeen used for printing, the cellulose is reconstituted by immersing thefabric in a dilute aqueous solution of sulphuric acid. Better resultsmay be obtained by using a solution of sodium acid sulfate, ora solutionof sodium acid sulfate and sodium sulfate as the precipitating bath. Thefabric now has a design of cellulose imprinted or impressed upon it. Thefabric may now be washed and/or dried if desired. It is now ready forthe dyeing treatment.

The fabric, which contains at least some fibres or yarns of one or moreof the following substances, viz, organic derivative of cellulose, silk,wool, or some other fibre other than cellulose, and which has a designof cellulose imprinted thereon, is now placed in a dye bath whichcontains one or more" dyes which act differently towards the celluloseand the other material of which at least some of the fibres arecomposed. Thus the dye may color cellulose and not color the othermaterial, or it may color the cellulose more deeply than the othermaterial. ()n the other hand the dye may color the other material andnot color the cellulose or else color the other material more deeplythan the cellulose. Again, the dye bath may contain two or more dyes,one of which colors the other material and not the cellulose, while theother of which colors the cellulose but not the other material. Whenusing such mixtures of dyes, it will be seen that by immersion of thefabric so printed with cellulose in a single dye bath, a two-coloreddesign may be produced. The fabric is then given the ordinary finishingtreatment.

When the fabric treated according to the above process is made of mixedyarns containing cotton, such as mixed cellulose acetate and cotton,mixed natural silk and cotton, or mixed wool and cotton, the cotton yarnwill be dyed or remain undyed in the same manner as the cellulose of theprint. This will give the double effect of ordinary cross-dyeing ofmixed fabrics together with the effect of the cross-dyeing of theprinted cellulose design.

In another application of our invention, the fabric constituted as aboveset forth, is printed with a solution of gelatin or a solution ofcasein, and then dyed. The parts of the fabric printed by the gelatin orcasein are not affected by the dyes and thus differential color effectsare obtained. The gelatin or casein is then washed off by appropriatetreatment and the fabric is then finished in any appropriate manner.

To further elucidate the mode of carrying out our invention, thefollowing specific examples are given by way of illustration only:

Example I Per cent.

SRA blue IV 0.5 GB cotton fast yellow B (color index #842 Schultz-Julius#617) 1.0

Glaubers salt (sodium sulfate) 30 The percentages given are based on theweight of the fabric treated.

After finishing in the ordinary manner the background of the fabric iscolored blue, while the design is of a greenish color due to thecombined effects of the yellow color of the cellulose print and the blueof the cellulose fabric under the print.

Example I I SRA blue IV CR cotton fast scarlet 4 BS (color index #327Schultz-Julius #279) 0.5 Glaubers salt 30 The percentages given arebased on the weight of the fabric treated.

After finishing in the ordinar manner the background of the fabric is coored blue While the design is of a greyish-purple due to the combinationof the red color of the cellulose acetate print and the blue color ofthe cellulose acetate fabric under the print.

Example [11.

A cellulose acetate satin is printed with cellulose in the maner setforth in Example I. Itis then immersed in a dye bath containing a dyewhich dyes cellulose brown but which does not affect the celluloseacetate. This dye bath is made up as follows:

Per cent. CR cotton fast brown R (color index #597) Glaubers salt 30 Thepercentages given are based on the weight of'the fabric treated.

After finishing in the ordinary manner the background of the fabric isof the original natural color of the cellulose acetate silk (white)while the design is brown.

Ewample IV.

A tricot knit cellulose acetate fabric is printed with cellulose in themanner set forth in Example I. It is now immersed in a dye bathcontaining a dye which colors cellulose red but which does not affectthe cellulose acetate silk. This dye bath is made up as follows:

Per cent.

Per cent OR cotton scarlet 4 BS 0.5 Glaubers salt 30 The percentagesgiven are based on the weight of the fabric treated.

fill

invention. Instead of cellulose acetate, or-

ganic derivatives of cellulose may be used such as cellulose esters, e.g. cellulose formate, cellulose pro ionate or cellulose butyrate, orcellulose et ers e. g. methyl cellulose or ethyl cellulose.

Having described our invention what we claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent 1s 1. A fabric comprising yarn of a material other thancellulose having a design of cellulose material imprinted thereon.

2. A fabric comprising yarn of an orgamc derivative of cellulosematerial having a design of cellulose material imprinted thereon.

3. A fabric comprising yarn of cellulose acetate material having adesign of cellulose material imprinted thereon.

4. A fabric comprising yarn of a material other than cellulose having adesign of cellulose material im rinted thereon said yarn having a colordifi rent from said design of cellulose.

5. A fabric comprising yarn of an organic derivative of cellulosematerial having a design imprinted thereon said yarn having a colordifferent from said design of cellulose.

6. A fabric comprising yarn of cellulose acetate material having adesign of cellulose material imprinted thereon said yarn having a colordifferent from said design of cellulose.

7. A fabric comprising yarn of a material other than cellulose having adesign of cellulose material imprinted thereon at least one of saidmaterials being dyed b a dye that does not impart color to the ot ermaterial.

8. A fabric comprising yarn of cellulose acetate material having adesign of cellulose material imprinted thereon at least one of saidmaterials being dyed by a dye that does not impart color to the othermaterial.

9. A fabric comprising yarn of an organic derivative of cellulosematerial having a design of cellulose material imprinted thereon saidorganic derivative of cellulose material being dyed by a dye which does'not substantially color. the cellulose and said cellulose being dyed bya dye which does not substantially color said organic derivative ofcellu-' lose.

10. A fabric comprising yarn of cellulose acetate material having adesign of cellulose material imprinted thereon said cellulose acetatematerial being dyed 'bya dye which does not substantiall co or thecellulose and said cellulosebeing dg'ed b a d e which does not apreciably color sai cel ulose acetate. 1. process which comprisesimprinting a design ofa solution of cel ulose material on a fabriccomprisin yarn of a material other than cellulose an treating the soprinted fabric with a solution adapted to reconstitute thecellulosematerial of the print.

12. A process which comprises imprint' a desi of a solution of cellulosemater ifi on a abric com rising yarn of an organic derivative ofcelliilose material and treatin the so printed fabric with a solutionada ted to reconstitute the cellulose material oI the print.

13. A process which com rises imprinting a design of a solution ofceliillose material on a fabric comprising yarn of cellulose acetatematerial and treating the so printed fabric with a solution adapted toreconstitute the cellulose material of the print.

14. A process which comprises 1mprmtm a desi of a solution of cellulosemateri on a abric comprising yarn of an organic derivative of cellulosematerial, treating the so printed fabric with a solution adapted toreconstitute the cellulose material of the print and dyeing with a dyethat does not dye said cellulose and said organic derivative ofcellulose the same shade.

15. A process which comprises imprinting a design of a solution ofcellulose material on a fabric comprising yarn of cellulose acetate,treating the so printed fabric with a solution'adapted to reconstitutethe cellulose material of the that does not dye said cellulose and saidcellulose acetate the same shade.

16. A process which comprises imprinting a design of a solution ofcellulose material on a fabric comprising yarn of an organic derivativeof cellulose, treating the so printed fabric with a solution adapted toreconstitute the cellulose material of the print, and treating thefabric with a dye which colors one of the said materials but does notappreciably color the other material.

17. A process which comprises imprinting a design of a solution ofcellulose material on a fabric comprising yarnof cellulose acetate,treating the so printed fabric with a solution adapted to reconstitutethe cellulose material of the print and treating the fabric with a dyewhich colors one of the said materials but does not appreciably colortheother material.

18. A process which comprises imprinting a design of a solution ofcellulose material on a fabric comprising yarn of an organic derivativeof cellulose material, treating the so printed fabric with a solutionadapted to reconstitute the cellulose material of the print and treatingin a bath containing a dye print and dyeing with a dye which dyes saidorganic derivative of cellulose but does not appreciably color saidorganic derivative of cellulose.

19. A process which comprises imprinting a design of a solution ofcellulose material on a fabric comprising yarn of cellulose acetatematerial, treating the so printed fabric with a solution adapted toreconstitute the cellulose material of the print and treating in a bathcontaining a dye which dyes said 10 In testimony whereof,' they havehereunto 15 subscribed their names.

CAMILLE DREYFUS.

HERBERT PLATT.

